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         Lei Feng press: Kinect is out of production. From 2010 to 2017, Kinect was once known as a subversive game control device. Now, when we talk about it again, what people think of is not the good experience it brings to the game, but the contribution of its sensor technology to other products. Even the front camera of iPhone X has been rated as a "Kinect" by foreign media. In this article by foreign media codesign reporter Mark Wilson, he reviewed the development of Kinect and talked about the reasons why Microsoft stopped producing Kinect. Meanwhile, Alex KIPMAN also talked about the future development of Kinect and his own research direction. The full text of Lei Feng is compiled as follows. (photo source: Microsoft)   Alex kipman, head of Microsoft Kinect, and Matt lapsen, head of Xbox device marketing, are at Co.Design  Kinect has announced that it will stop production. Since its inception in 2010, the hardware, originally designed for the Xbox 360, with a depth camera and voice recognition microphone, has sold about 35 million units. But Microsoft has now announced that it will no longer make Kinect after clearing existing inventory. The company will still provide Xbox and Kinect maintenance services for consumers, but whether the subsequent upgrade tools will continue remains to be determined. Because the Xbox team's current strategy against PS4 has returned from experimental entertainment to traditional games, Kinect has gradually withdrawn from Microsoft's future development focus. Although Kinect no longer appears on the market as a separate product, its core sensor technology will remain. Kipman is still responsible for the development of Kinect V4 (the fourth generation version) and Kinect V5 (the fifth generation version), and is incorporated into Microsoft's augmented reality hololens project. Meanwhile, kinecExperts from team t have begun to be active in other key technology projects of Microsoft, such as Microsoft Xiaona voice assistant, windows Hello biometric face ID system, and GGV (gaze, gear and voice) project, the future situational awareness UI. (photo source: Microsoft)   in 2010, Microsoft spent $500 million on marketing to promote Kinect to go public. In the promotional film at that time, Kinect projected a disco ball and countless infrared points of a nightclub into a 3D space, and at the same time, it could track human movement, which was unimaginable before. Kinect seems to be the perfect device for gamers to jump off the couch. In the game, when you can directly use your body to avoid, why press the escape button on the keyboard? Kinect also supports voice commands. You can turn on the device by saying "open Xbox". As a user who started to try Kinect in 2010, I personally think Kinect is not only the "Nintendo Wii killer" launched by Microsoft (so have you forgotten about Nintendo Wii for a long time?), but also a great attempt by Microsoft to fill the gap between human body and device interface and surpass the limit of keyboard, mouse and touch screen. I wrote about Kinect at the time like this: "it's different from other soft devicesThe experience that Kinect brings me is very special. It's adapting to users, not that I'm learning how to use it, but that it's learning my habits. I've never been able to understand a human experience with such flesh and blood. " (photo source: Microsoft)   it's no exaggeration to say that Kinect is the most influential, or at least unprecedented, hardware device in recent years besides iPhone. According to Microsoft, Kinect is the first consumer device to use machine learning as its core technology from a technical point of view. In terms of function, many products also get a lot from imitating Kinect. Since 2010, Apple has launched Siri voice assistant following Kinect's voice control function; Google has also launched Project Tango, a 3D tracking system (led by Johnny Lee, who once developed Kinect). Visual and voice systems have almost become the standard configuration of smart phones, and gradually enter our home field. Amazon echo brings voice assistant into grandparents' bedroom. The new version of echo show also adds cameras to Alexa. Even network connected nest cam has to thank Kinect for its contribution. At the same time, Kinect also takes on this new era, because it has a great influence on individualsCriticism and attack caused by private concerns. "It's hard to accumulate trust, but it can suddenly disappear in an instant," kipman said of Kinect's widespread concern about consumer privacy. Since its launch in 2010, Kinect has gradually accumulated a lot of trust. But any bad thing that happens around us, just one thing, can make these trusts collapse in an instant. " However, the reason why Xbox lost its consumers is not trust or privacy issues, but fickle fans who believe that innovation reduces the fun of entertainment. (image source: Microsoft)   "Oh! My god? What the hell This is the reaction of Golan Levin, director of creative studio at Carnegie Mellon University, when he heard that Kinect was discontinued. His laboratories, including some similar ones, are using Kinect in the whole process from experimental art to creating a new generation of UI interface, which has become an important tool in the research field. Levin added: "you know, we all rely on capital, and we don't expect Microsoft to do something that will lose money." He carefully weighed his words and said, "but the Kinect shutdown really hurt me. A tool with many applications and a wide audience, which is already a basic platform for creative experiments, cultural progress and secondary innovation, has decided not to support its core business. " He concluded: "about a few peopleIt's an insult to Microsoft to think that the games using Kinect are not sold enough. "In a way, it's a fact. Maybe one of the important factors that prevented Kinect from winning in the market. Although Kinect does have some functional defects (such as delay problems and voice command recognition errors), as an accessory of Xbox 360, it still quickly gained attention in the market. But the problem is that there have been no good games on Xbox 360. No game developer like call of duty or Grand Theft Auto is willing to develop game content for Kinect. So Microsoft seems to have a clever plan. In order to make game developers think it's worthwhile to invest money in Kinect, Microsoft has made a heavy bet on Kinect, bundling it with Xbox to ensure its greater market space. However, some RAM and processing power reserved by Microsoft for Kinect in Xbox one make it impossible for game developers to use these resources to run their own graphics and programs. Xbox one was launched as a "living room computer" - it can control games, cable TV, and even control the whole home through voice and gesture in the future. But in the field of innovative UI, Sony has planned a perfect counterattack. E3 three weeks after the launch of Xbox oneAt the game conference, then Sony CEO Jack tretton delivered a speech that was somewhat beyond the boundaries on stage. He said slowly and forcefully, "Sony focuses on what players want most For example, PS4 will not impose any new restrictions on... " He stopped because the crowd started cheering loudly that all the system resources of PS4 would be open to developers. Tretton then seized on another concern about Xbox one, promising that Sony was a player first company, and announcing the PS4 price cut. Sony's move was well received in reddit and other forums, especially by users who call themselves "hard core players". A year later, sales of the PS4 doubled to Xbox. In the face of declining sales, Microsoft had to reduce the price of Xbox one and decided to get more game performance from chipsets, so it had to unbind Kinect and release more system resources. Since then, Kinect has no longer been an accessory product bundled with Xbox, thus losing the huge market promised to Kinect game developers. (photo source: Microsoft)   lapsen said: "when the Xbox one was released, our original plan was to let the game console equipped with Kinect provide the best experience, which was our initial goal. But as with other products, over time, we are constantly improvingLearn and adjust. In practice, Xbox's goal presentation is more and more focused on graphics rather than new forms of human-computer interaction, so Microsoft decided to invest in other products. But Levin and other researchers like Kinect's cutting-edge technology. "The important thing Kinect shows is that it can use cheap depth cameras and support thousands of applications that use depth sensing," Levin said Levin pointed out that it was the birth of Microsoft's Kinect that allowed faceshift to exist. Apple even bought faceshift in order to replace fingerprint unlocking with face recognition. In order to take advantage of this technology, apple almost cloned a Kinect in iPhone X - Apple acquired primesense, an Israeli company, in 2013, which developed Microsoft's first Kinect 3D tracking technology. "It's just one of the thousands of applications Kinect can implement." Levin went on, "not to mention the impact Kinect has on computers, robotics and interactive media art." Some of Levin's students used Kinect to make a dot matrix 3D documentary and extended the technology to put on an interactive movie on the New York subway. Levin said that despite the fact that there are no moreBesides Kinect, there are other depth sensing cameras, but all museums with Kinect based interactive art exhibitions may want to buy some Kinect stock on eBay. (image source: Microsoft)   Kinect may no longer face players and developers directly, but it has not completely disappeared. The development of large enterprises is always more subtle than the fate of any single product. In addition to the fact that key technologies like Microsoft Xiaona come from Kinect, Kinect will still be a key sensor platform for Microsoft to continue to invest in in the future. In a Skype interview with Alex kipman, he wrote on a whiteboard about his 10-year development process - from developing Kinect in 2007 to taking over hololens products in the future. Kipman recalled:   "we've been focusing on the issues in front of us, and we're using technology more and more. So we often say, "if we spend more time on these technologies, we can always do something.". Either we continue to interact with machines in the way of machines and learn things behind the screen, or we teach machines how to interact with the human world, simulate the world and teach them how to coexist with human beings. As a human being, my choice is the latter. "  so how can computers fully understand human existence in the future? Kipman's view can be broken down intoA nine palace grid. The x-axis represents input, output and touch, and the y-axis represents human, environment and object. From the top left corner to the bottom, the difficulty represented by each grid is increased layer by layer. So it's difficult to track human beings, but it's 10 times harder to track the environment with subtle changes than to track human beings, and it's 100 times harder to track objects with complex textures and constantly changing situations than to track human beings. Alex kipman's draft picture   so kipman, a lazy engineer, first focuses on the simplest lattice in the nine palaces, the 1x1 problem in the upper left corner, that is, human input. The computer must first understand human gesture and voice. "People say I invented Kinect," kipman said. "I didn't invent Kinect. I just pointed out the simplest opportunity in this field." With continuous research and development, Kinect's performance is getting better and better, and it begins to see a wider range - from only 50 ° field of view to 80 ° field of view. Now the Kinect V4 version used in hololens has reached 120 ° field of view. And more importantly, it's also more energy efficient: the peak power of a day ranges from 50W to 25W, up to 1.5W now. The steady improvement also makes Kinect smaller and smaller, and we can already wear it. Kipman said: 'we've solved the upper left corner of the nine palace grid, the right cornerTry to go down to the right. Now that we have finished the simplest problem, we should be more ambitious. " So in 2015, Microsoft launched hololens, which aims to solve the 10 times more difficult problem: environment and output. This means that hololens not only needs to see people, but also needs to perceive space; it not only needs to perceive space, but also allows people to output drag holograms in this space. (image source: Microsoft)   kipman continued:   "this is the key task of hololens - not only to understand all human input, but also to understand human from the perspective of output. At present, I can put photons behind your eyes and let you see holograms; I can also float holograms in space. The two approaches are completely different, and the latter means that we are also beginning to understand the environment. " What's the next step? The R & D Department of hololens will continue to make Kinect sensors better. The unpublished version of Kinect V5 will reduce power to its most active state by only 1.5W (about one fiftieth of the original energy consumption). In the future, with the continuous development of AI and the continuous upgrading of hardware, Microsoft can begin to solve the 100 times difficult problem - object tactile problem. The ultimate goal may be the holodeck in Star Trek. Instead of manipulating photons, we manipulate matter. Like the one tested in Google and MIT Media labsData and object are integrated. Kipman said: "our vision, our common expectation, is also my lifelong pursuit, which is to constantly strive to fill the nine palaces. Let mankind use technology in a more humane way. " via  fastcodesign.com  Lei Feng net (official account: Lei Feng net) compile   Lei Feng Amihara Fumiaki, without authorization, no reprint. Please refer to the reprint instructions for details.                                                                                         
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